DHCP Server assigns IP addresses to client computers. This is very often used in enterprise networks to reduce configuration efforts. All IP addresses of all computers are stored in a database that resides on a server machine.
Installing DHCP Server is very easy in win server 2003
First you need to go to Start–>All Programs–>Administrative Tools–>Manage Your Server
Here you need to select Add or remove a role
Verify the following steps click on Next
Select Server Role as DHCP Server option click on Next
Summary selection click on Next
Installing DHCP Server in progress
Now this will prompt new scope welcome scree click next
A scope is a collection of IP addresses for computers on a subnet that use DHCP. enter the name and description of your scope click next
Now you need to define the range of addresses that the scope will distribute across the network,the subnet mask for the IP address . Enter the appropriate details and click next.
Enter the IP address range that you want to exclude and click on next
Select lease duration how long a client can use an IP address assigned to it from this scope. It is recommended to add longer leases for a fixed network (in the office for example) and shorter leases for remote connections or laptop computers and click next
You are given a choice of whether or not you wish to configure the DHCP options for the scope now or later.You can select Yes,I want to… radion button and click next
Enter the router, or gateway, IP address click next. The client computers will then know which router to use and click next
Enter the DNS and domain name settings can be entered. The DNS server IP address will be distributed by the DHCP server and given to the client click next
If you have WINS setup then here is where to enter the IP Address of the WINS server. You can just input the server name into the appropriate box and press Resolve” to allow it to find the IP address itself click next
Now you need to activate this scope now and click next
DHCP Server new scope installation was finished and click finish
Now your server is now a DHCP server message and click finish
Configuring DHCP
Now you need to go to Start—>Administrative Tools—>DHCP
Right Click on your server click on Authorize your DHCP Server
Authorization completed now your DHCP server is up and running
DHCP servers permit you to reserve an IP address for a client. This means that the specific network client will have the same IP for as long as you wanted it to. To do this you will have to know the physical address (MAC) of each network card. Enter the reservation name, desired IP address, MAC address and description – choose whether you want to support DHCP or BOOTP and press add. The new reservation will be added to the list.
That’s it it is very easy to configure DHCP server in win server 2003 now you can configure your windows client pc to check your dhcp server is working or not.
If you want to install and configure win server 2003 domain controller with DNS setup check here
Windows Server 2003 includes all the functionality customers expect from a mission critical Windows Server operating system, such as security, reliability, availability, and scalability. In addition, Microsoft has improved and extended the Windows server product family to enable organizations to experience the benefits of Microsoft .NET—a set of software for connecting information, people, systems, and devices.
This tutorial will explain how to create a first domain controller(DC) in your network or company includes DNS server setup in windows server 2003 .You have to install DNS server for DC without DNS the client computers wouldn’t know which one is DC.You can host DNS on a different server than DC.
Before Starting the DC installation process you need to make sure the following points
You have installed Basic windows server 2003 installation
Make sure you have assigned a static ip address to your server
Now start DC and DNS Setup process
First you need to go to Start–>All Programs–>Administrative Tools–>Manage Your Server
Here you need to select Add or remove a role
Verify the following steps click on Next
Select Server Role as Domain Controller option click on Next
Summary of Your Selections click on Next
Active Directory Installation Wizard click on Next
Click “Next” on the compatibility window
Next window select the default option of “Domain Controller for a new domain” and click “Next”
In this tutorial we will create a domain in a new forest, because it is the first DC, so keep that option selected
Now we have to think of a name for our domain. If you have a domain like windowsreference.com”, you can use it, but it isn’t suggested because computers nside of your domain may not be able to reach the company website. Active directory domains don’t need to be “real” domains like the one above – they can be anything you wish. So i will create “windowsreference.int”.
Now in order to keep things simple, we will use “windowsreferenc”, which is the default selection, as the NetBIOS name of the domain.
The next dialog suggests storing the AD database and log on separate hard disks and you can just leave the default settings.
The SYSVOL folder is a public share, where things like .MSI software packages can be kept when you will distribute packages and you can just leave the default settings or you can change the path.
Next Screen basically says that you will need a DNS server in order for everything to work the way we want it (i.e., our “windowsreference.int” to be reachable).we will install the DNS server on this machine or if you want you can installed else where select “Install and Configure…” and click next.
Here you need to select the permissions for win 2000 or win 2003 server if you have any NT4 select first option otherwise select second option and click next
The restore mode password is the single password that all administrators hope to never use, however they should also never forget it because this is the single password that might save a failed server.click next
Now we will see a summary of what will happen click next
Active directory installation process started this can take several minutes. It’s likely that you will be prompted for your Windows Server 2003 CD (for DNS) so have it handy.
Active directory Installation finish screen click Finish.
Now you need to select “Restart Now” option to reboot your server.
After rebooting you can see new option for logon
After logging in you can see similar to the following screen saying your server is now domain controller.
That’s it now your server is configured as domain controller and DNS server.
If you want Step by step guide how to install windows server 2003 check here
Kali ini saatnya kita mempelajari teknik penghitungan subnetting. Penghitungan subnetting bisa dilakukan dengan dua cara, cara binary yang relatif lambat dan cara khusus yang lebih cepat. Pada hakekatnya semua pertanyaan tentang subnetting akan berkisar di empat masalah: Jumlah Subnet, Jumlah Host per Subnet, Blok Subnet, dan Alamat Host- Broadcast.
Penulisan IP address umumnya adalah dengan 192.168.1.2. Namun adakalanya ditulis dengan 192.168.1.2/24, apa ini artinya? Artinya bahwa IP address 192.168.1.2 dengan subnet mask 255.255.255.0. Lho kok bisa seperti itu?
Ya, /24 diambil dari penghitungan bahwa 24 bit subnet mask diselubung dengan binari 1. Atau dengan kata lain, subnet masknya adalah: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 (255.255.255.0). Konsep ini yang disebut dengan CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) yang diperkenalkan pertama kali tahun 1992 oleh IEFT.
Pertanyaan berikutnya adalah Subnet Mask berapa saja yang bisa digunakan untuk melakukan subnetting? Ini terjawab dengan tabel di bawah:
Subnet Mask
Nilai CIDR
Subnet Mask
Nilai CIDR
255.128.0.0
/9
255.255.240.0
/20
255.192.0.0
/10
255.255.248.0
/21
255.224.0.0
/11
255.255.252.0
/22
255.240.0.0
/12
255.255.254.0
/23
255.248.0.0
/13
255.255.255.0
/24
255.252.0.0
/14
255.255.255.128
/25
255.254.0.0
/15
255.255.255.192
/26
255.255.0.0
/16
255.255.255.224
/27
255.255.128.0
/17
255.255.255.240
/28
255.255.192.0
/18
255.255.255.248
/29
255.255.224.0
/19
255.255.255.252
/30
SUBNETTING PADA IP ADDRESS CLASS C
Ok, sekarang mari langsung latihan saja. Subnetting seperti apa yang terjadi dengan sebuah NETWORK ADDRESS 192.168.1.0/26 ?
Analisa:
192.168.1.0 berarti kelas C dengan Subnet Mask /26 berarti 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 (255.255.255.192).
Penghitungan:
Seperti sudah saya sebutkan sebelumnya semua pertanyaan tentang subnetting akan berpusat di 4 hal, jumlah subnet, jumlah host per subnet, blok subnet, alamat host dan broadcast yang valid. Jadi kita selesaikan dengan urutan seperti itu:
Jumlah Subnet = 2x, dimana x adalah banyaknya binari 1 pada oktet terakhir subnet mask (2 oktet terakhir untuk kelas B, dan 3 oktet terakhir untuk kelas A). Jadi Jumlah Subnet adalah 22 = 4 subnet
Jumlah Host per Subnet = 2y - 2, dimana y adalah adalah kebalikan dari x yaitu banyaknya binari 0 pada oktet terakhir subnet. Jadi jumlah host per subnet adalah 26 - 2 = 62 host
Blok Subnet = 256 - 192 (nilai oktet terakhir subnet mask) = 64. Subnet berikutnya adalah 64 + 64 = 128, dan 128+64=192. Jadi total subnetnya adalah 0, 64, 128, 192.
Bagaimana dengan alamat host dan broadcast yang valid? Kita langsung buat tabelnya. Sebagai catatan, host pertama adalah 1 angka setelah subnet, dan broadcast adalah 1 angka sebelum subnet berikutnya.
Subnet
192.168.1.0
192.168.1.64
192.168.1.128
192.168.1.192
Host Pertama
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.65
192.168.1.129
192.168.1.193
Host Terakhir
192.168.1.62
192.168.1.126
192.168.1.190
192.168.1.254
Broadcast
192.168.1.63
192.168.1.127
192.168.1.191
192.168.1.255
Kita sudah selesaikan subnetting untuk IP address Class C. Dan kita bisa melanjutkan lagi untuk subnet mask yang lain, dengan konsep dan teknik yang sama. Subnet mask yang bisa digunakan untuk subnetting class C adalah:
Subnet Mask
Nilai CIDR
255.255.255.128
/25
255.255.255.192
/26
255.255.255.224
/27
255.255.255.240
/28
255.255.255.248
/29
255.255.255.252
/30
SUBNETTING PADA IP ADDRESS CLASS B
Berikutnya kita akan mencoba melakukan subnetting untuk IP address class B. Pertama, subnet mask yang bisa digunakan untuk subnetting class B adalah:
Subnet Mask
Nilai CIDR
Subnet Mask
Nilai CIDR
255.255.128.0
/17
255.255.255.0
/24
255.255.192.0
/18
255.255.255.128
/25
255.255.224.0
/19
255.255.255.192
/26
255.255.240.0
/20
255.255.255.224
/27
255.255.248.0
/21
255.255.255.240
/28
255.255.252.0
/22
255.255.255.248
/29
255.255.254.0
/23
255.255.255.252
/30
Ok, kita coba satu soal untuk Class B dengan network address 172.16.0.0/18.
Analisa:
172.16.0.0 berarti kelas B, dengan Subnet Mask /18 berarti 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 (255.255.192.0).
Penghitungan:
Jumlah Subnet = 2x, dimana x adalah banyaknya binari 1 pada 2 oktet terakhir. Jadi Jumlah Subnet adalah 22 = 4 subnet
Jumlah Host per Subnet = 2y - 2, dimana y adalah adalah kebalikan dari x yaitu banyaknya binari 0 pada 2 oktet terakhir. Jadi jumlah host per subnet adalah 214 - 2 = 16.382 host
Blok Subnet = 256 - 192 = 64. Subnet berikutnya adalah 64 + 64 = 128, dan 128+64=192. Jadi total subnetnya adalah 0, 64, 128, 192.
Alamat host dan broadcast yang valid?
Subnet
172.16.0.0
172.16.64.0
172.16.128.0
172.16.192.0
Host Pertama
172.16.0.1
172.16.64.1
172.16.128.1
172.16.192.1
Host Terakhir
172.16.63.254
172.16.127.254
172.16.191.254
172.16.255.254
Broadcast
172.16.63.255
172.16.127.255
172.16.191.255
172.16..255.255
Masih bingung? Ok kita coba satu lagi untuk Class B.Bagaimana dengan network address 172.16.0.0/25.
Analisa:
172.16.0.0 berarti kelas B, dengan Subnet Mask /25 berarti 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 (255.255.255.128).
Penghitungan:
Jumlah Subnet = 29 = 512 subnet
Jumlah Host per Subnet = 27 - 2 = 126 host
Blok Subnet = 256 - 128 = 128.
Alamat host dan broadcast yang valid?
Subnet
172.16.0.0
172.16.0.128
172.16.1.0
…
172.16.255.128
Host Pertama
172.16.0.1
172.16.0.129
172.16.1.1
…
172.16.255.129
Host Terakhir
172.16.0.126
172.16.0.254
172.16.1.126
…
172.16.255.254
Broadcast
172.16.0.127
172.16.0.255
172.16.1.127
…
172.16.255.255
Masih bingung juga? Ok sebelum masuk ke Class A, coba ulangi lagi dari Class C, dan baca pelan-pelan
SUBNETTING PADA IP ADDRESS CLASS A
Kalau sudah mantab dan paham, kita lanjut ke Class A. Konsepnya semua sama saja. Perbedaannya adalah di OKTET mana kita mainkan blok subnet. Kalau Class C di oktet ke 4 (terakhir), kelas B di Oktet 3 dan 4 (2 oktet terakhir), kalau Class A di oktet 2, 3 dan 4 (3 oktet terakhir). Kemudian subnet mask yang bisa digunakan untuk subnetting class A adalah semua subnet mask dari CIDR /8 sampai /30.
Kita coba latihan untuk network address 10.0.0.0/16.
Analisa:
10.0.0.0 berarti kelas A, dengan Subnet Mask /16 berarti 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 (255.255.0.0).
Penghitungan:
Jumlah Subnet = 28 = 256 subnet
Jumlah Host per Subnet = 216 - 2 = 65534 host
Blok Subnet = 256 - 255 = 1. Jadi subnet lengkapnya: 0,1,2,3,4, etc.
Alamat host dan broadcast yang valid?
Subnet
10.0.0.0
10.1.0.0
…
10.254.0.0
10.255.0.0
Host Pertama
10.0.0.1
10.1.0.1
…
10.254.0.1
10.255.0.1
Host Terakhir
10.0.255.254
10.1.255.254
…
10.254.255.254
10.255.255.254
Broadcast
10.0.255.255
10.1.255.255
…
10.254.255.255
10.255.255.255
Mudah-mudahan setelah anda membaca paragraf terakhir ini, anda sudah memahami penghitungan subnetting dengan baik. Kalaupun belum paham juga, anda ulangi terus artikel ini pelan-pelan dari atas. Untuk teknik hapalan subnetting yang lebih cepat, tunggu di artikel berikutnya
Catatan: Semua penghitungan subnet diatas berasumsikan bahwa IP Subnet-Zeroes (dan IP Subnet-Ones) dihitung secara default. Buku versi terbaru Todd Lamle dan juga CCNA setelah 2005 sudah mengakomodasi masalah IP Subnet-Zeroes (dan IP Subnet-Ones) ini. CCNA pre-2005 tidak memasukkannya secara default (meskipun di kenyataan kita bisa mengaktifkannya dengan command ip subnet-zeroes), sehingga mungkin dalam beberapa buku tentang CCNA serta soal-soal test CNAP, anda masih menemukan rumus penghitungan Jumlah Subnet = 2x - 2
Saya Lahir tanggal 17 November taon 1984 di Boe Me Are You dan di besarkan di sebuah desa yang amat sederhana penuh dengan ILmu dan Ke Musrikan yang amatlah tidak bisa membedakannya.
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